Xyoo 2026, cov kev cai lij choj thoob ntiaj teb txog cov khoom siv sib cuag nrog zaub mov tab tom nkag mus rau lub qhov rais tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv zog. Rau kev lag luam tsim cov kaus poom khoob, cov kev cai tseem ceeb uas tau siv lossis nce qib hauv ob qho tib si European Union thiab Tebchaws Meskas tab tom tsim cov kev cai ua raws li qhov tsis tau muaj dua rau cov ntu tseem ceeb xws li cov xim pleev sab hauv kaus poom, cov xim pleev sab nraud, cov tshuaj sealant, thiab cov kua luam ntawv. Txij li kev txwv bisphenol A (BPA) mus rau kev txwv per- thiab polyfluoroalkyl tshuaj (PFAS), thiab los ntawm cov kev cai lij choj ntawm "kev ntxiv txhob txwm" mus rau "kev muaj nyob ua rau muaj kev txwv," cov chaw tsim khoom kaus poom tsis yog ntsib kev hloov kho thev naus laus zis tab sis kev hloov pauv dav dav uas suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev tswj hwm cov khoom xa tuaj, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua raws li qhov xav tau.
I. EU BPA Txwv: Lub Xya Hli 20, 2026, Yog Lub Sijhawm Kawg
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 2024, European Commission tau lees txais Txoj Cai (EU) 2024/3190, uas txwv tsis pub siv BPA thiab lwm yam bisphenols nrog qee qhov kev faib tawm txaus ntshai hauv cov khoom siv sib cuag zaub mov. Txoj cai no tau pib siv rau Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2025.
Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov:BPA thiab nws cov ntsev raug txwv tsis pub siv rau hauv kev tsim cov yas uas kov tau zaub mov, cov xim pleev thiab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov kua mem luam ntawv, cov nplaum, cov tshuaj pauv ion, cov silicones, thiab cov roj hmab. Qhov no npog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce sab hauv lub thoob, cov xim pleev ib ce sab nraud, thiab cov kua mem luam ntawv uas siv dav hauv kev lag luam thoob khoob.
Lub sijhawm hloov pauv:Cov khoom siv ib zaug xwb uas siv rau hauv cov khoom noj uas tsim los ntawm BPA yuav muab tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam kom txog rau lub Xya Hli 20, 2026. Cov ntim khoom rau kev khaws cia txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub (tshwj tsis yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo), thiab cov khoom nuv ntses, nrog rau cov khoom siv ib zaug xwb uas muaj cov tshuaj pleev BPA uas tsuas yog siv rau ntawm qhov chaw hlau sab nraud xwb, yuav muab tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam kom txog rau lub Ib Hlis 20, 2028. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam thawj zaug hauv lub sijhawm hloov pauv yuav txuas ntxiv siv rau kev sau thiab kaw cov khoom noj rau 12 lub hlis tom qab lub sijhawm hloov pauv xaus.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj cov khoom seem:Thaum siv lwm yam bisphenols ua cov khoom hloov pauv, kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm BPA yuav tsum tsis pom, nrog rau qhov txwv ntawm kev kuaj pom ntawm1 μg/kg (1 ppb)Txij lub sijhawm kawg, yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv tshaj tawm txog kev ua raws li txoj cai (DoC) ntawm txhua theem ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev lag luam:Feem ntau cov kaus poom khoob siv ib zaug xwb yuav tsum ua tiav qhov kev hloov BPA thaum Lub Xya Hli 20, 2026; cov khoom rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab cov khoom nuv ntses, nrog rau cov uas muaj txheej txheej rau ntawm qhov chaw hlau sab nraud xwb, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntxiv 18 lub hlis txog rau Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2028.
II. Cov Kev Txwv ntawm EU PFAS: Siv tau txij li Lub Yim Hli 12, 2026
Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Kev Ntim Khoom thiab Pov Tseg Khoom ntawm EU (PPWR, Txoj Cai (EU) 2025/40)tau luam tawm rau lub Ib Hlis 22, 2025, thiab yuav siv tag nrho txij li Lub Yim Hli 12, 2026.
Cov nqi txwv:Rau cov ntim khoom noj uas kov tau, txhua yam khoom PFAS (tsis yog polymer, tsom xam) yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 25 ppb; qhov sib sau ua ke ntawm txhua yam khoom PFAS (tsis yog polymer, tsom xam) yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 250 ppb; thiab tag nrho cov fluorine ntsiab lus los ntawm polymeric PFAS yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50 ppm.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:Cov kev txwv no siv rau txhua yam PFAS, txawm tias yog txhob txwm ntxiv lossis tsis txhob txwm muaj. Tsis muaj lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm kev txo cov khoom muag - tom qab Lub Yim Hli 12, 2026, tsis pub muab cov khoom ntim khoom noj uas kov tau ntau dua li cov kev txwv no tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam EU.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev lag luam:Cov tshuaj pleev xim, cov tshuaj nplaum, thiab cov kua luam ntawv siv rau ntawm cov kaus poom hlau yuav muaj PFAS. Vim tias qhov kev txwv no tsom mus rau qhov muaj tiag tiag es tsis yog lub hom phiaj, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov ua raws li kev cai los ntawm kev sim, tsis yog tsuas yog cia siab rau cov neeg xa khoom tshaj tawm tias "kev siv tsis yog lub hom phiaj."
III. FDA Tebchaws Meskas: Kev Saib Xyuas Ntau Ntxiv thiab Kev Hloov Pauv Tseem Ceeb ntawm Txoj Cai Lij Choj
Cov kev hloov tshiab ntawm daim ntawv teev npe FCN: Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2026, FDA tau ntxiv 15 yam tshuaj rau hauv daim ntawv ceeb toom txog Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Haus (FCS) uas siv tau zoo hauv ib pawg. Daim ntawv ceeb toom FCS tshiab tshaj plaws tau tshaj tawm txij li lub Tsib Hlis 31, 2026.
Kev hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm qhov system xa ntawv:FDA tau qhia txog ib qho module uas siv AI los pab txheeb xyuas ua ntej hauv eSubmitter lub tshuab xa ntawv hluav taws xob kom kuaj xyuas seb hom ntawv puas sib xws thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiav; cov ntawv xa tsis ua raws li txoj cai yuav raug tsis lees txais.
Kev tshuaj xyuas cov chaw txawv teb chaws:Xyoo 2026, FDA tau nce qhov zaus thiab qhov tob ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas video deb rau cov chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus txawv teb chaws.
Kev tsim kho txoj cai lij choj:Thaum Lub Rau Hli 9, 2026, Tebchaws Meskas Senate tau tshaj tawm "Tsis Muaj Tshuaj Lom Hauv Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Xyoo 2026" (S.4724), nrog rau daim ntawv cai lij choj (HR9231) uas tau tshaj tawm hauv Tsev Neeg Sawv Cev rau tib hnub ntawd. Daim ntawv cai lij choj yuav hloov kho Txoj Cai Lij Choj Khoom Noj, Tshuaj, thiab Tshuaj Pleev Xim kom suav tias tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus xws li phthalates, PFAS, bisphenol A, B, S, F, AF thiab lwm yam tshuaj, nrog rau acrylamide, benzene, formaldehyde, ethylene oxide, thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau kom kev ntsuam xyuas cov tshuaj hloov pauv xav txog kev cuam tshuam rau cov pej xeem tsis muaj zog (xws li cov menyuam mos, menyuam yaus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov neeg laus, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm). Yog tias tau tsim, cov kev cai yuav siv tau ob xyoos tom qab hnub tsim. Daim ntawv cai lij choj tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cai lij choj, tau xa mus rau Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, Kev Kawm, Kev Ua Haujlwm, thiab Nyiaj Laus ntawm Senate.
IV. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Ua Raws Cai rau Kev Lag Luam Cov Thawv Nchuav
Txheeb xyuas cov pawg khoom thiab hnub kawg:Feem ntau cov kaus poom siv ib zaug xwb yuav tsum ua tiav qhov hloov BPA thaum Lub Xya Hli 20, 2026; cov khoom rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab cov khoom nuv ntses, nrog rau cov uas muaj cov txheej sab nraud xwb, muaj sijhawm txog Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2028; PFAS cov kev txwv siv tag nrho txij Lub Yim Hli 12, 2026.
Tsim kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj txog kev taug qab cov khoom xa tuaj thiab kev ua raws li txoj cai:Xyuas kom meej tias txhua theem ntawm cov neeg muab khoom siv raw mus rau cov neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem muab cov lus tshaj tawm tias ua raws li txoj cai, thiab cov neeg muab khoom sab saud muab cov pov thawj khoom siv txaus.
Tso siab rau kev sim, tsis yog tsuas yog cov lus tshaj tawm xwb:Rau cov khoom siv hloov BPA, xyuas kom meej tias BPA tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau (1 μg/kg); rau PFAS, xyuas kom meej qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev sim, vim tias kev thov siv tsis yog txhob txwm ua ib leeg tsis txaus.
Ua kom cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj lwm yam sai dua:Kev hloov mus rau cov txheej txheem BPA-free yuav tsum tau rov ua dua qhov kev lees paub ntawm kev nplaum, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev nyab xeeb zaub mov; kev pib ua ntej yog qhov pom zoo heev.
Xyoo 2026 yog ib xyoo tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws li txoj cai hauv kev lag luam cov kaus poom khoob. Kev txwv tsis pub siv BPA ntawm EU yuav pib siv rau lub Xya Hli 20, thiab kev txwv tsis pub siv PFAS yuav pib siv rau lub Yim Hli 12; lub sijhawm no, kev tsim cai lij choj hauv Tebchaws Meskas qhia txog kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov lus qhia ntawm EU. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom kaus poom uas ua haujlwm rau ob lub khw European thiab Asmeskas, "kev ua raws li ob tog" tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb. Kev npaj thaum ntxov thiab kev teb raws li txoj cai yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib tw hauv kev hloov kho txoj cai no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-15-2026